My original tumblr post was here. This image is the cover of Issue #2 of Captain Science, for which the Grand Comics Database entry is here. Captain Science was seven-issue series published in 1950-1 by a publisher called Youthful, whose catalog ran from Atomic Attack to Zowie! This image was first posted on Tumblr by Vintage Geek Culture, who added the following comment:

I’ve often wondered if Captain Science inspired Green Lantern. For one, they have identical origin stories: a bald alien with an unusual skin color crash lands in the American Southwest, who then summons a pilot and then gives him power (either a ring, or grants him advanced scientific knowledge via a teaching machine). Captain Science came out in 1951; GL came out in 1959.